tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19046267062400557192024-03-05T23:50:28.394-08:00Audio Video StembaAudio video stembahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06631618494957404172noreply@blogger.comBlogger8125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1904626706240055719.post-52481709335990244802011-02-11T06:14:00.000-08:002011-02-11T06:14:40.321-08:00VIDEO CASSTTE RECORDERVideocassette recorder<br />
<div id="siteSub">rom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div><!-- /tagline --> <!-- subtitle --> <!-- /subtitle --> <!-- jumpto --> <div id="jump-to-nav"> Jump to: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#mw-head">navigation</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#p-search">search</a> </div><!-- /jumpto --> <!-- bodytext --> <div class="dablink">"VCR" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VCR_%28disambiguation%29" title="VCR (disambiguation)">VCR (</a></div><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-style"><tbody>
<tr> <td class="mbox-image"> <div style="width: 52px;"><img alt="" height="40" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" width="40" /></div></td> <td class="mbox-text">This article's <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style_%28lead_section%29" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style (lead section)">introduction section</a> <b>may not adequately <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">summarize</a> its contents</b>. To comply with Wikipedia's <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lead_section#Length" title="Wikipedia:Lead section">lead section guidelines</a>, please consider expanding the lead to <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview" title="Wikipedia:Lead section">provide an accessible overview</a> of the article's key points. <small><i>(May 2010)</i></small></td> </tr>
</tbody></table><div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 402px;"><a class="image" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Metz_VH48_v2.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="108" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Metz_VH48_v2.jpg/400px-Metz_VH48_v2.jpg" width="400" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Metz_VH48_v2.jpg" title="Enlarge"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>A <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a> VCR manufactured by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metz_%28company%29" title="Metz (company)">Metz</a></div></div></div><div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 252px;"><a class="image" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vcr_innards.JPG"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="188" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Vcr_innards.JPG/250px-Vcr_innards.JPG" width="250" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vcr_innards.JPG" title="Enlarge"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>The inside of a VCR</div></div></div><div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;"><a class="image" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:AMPEX_2_ZOLL.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="169" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/AMPEX_2_ZOLL.jpg/220px-AMPEX_2_ZOLL.jpg" width="220" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:AMPEX_2_ZOLL.jpg" title="Enlarge"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>All <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_tape_recorder" title="Video tape recorder">video tape recorders</a> are not videocassette recorders. The early models of VTRs were reel-to-reel devices that required hand-threading of the tape. (This is the first portable video recorder, the 1967 Ampex quadruplex.)</div></div></div>The <b>videocassette recorder</b> (or <b>VCR</b>, more commonly known in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a> as the <b>video recorder</b> or <b>video machine</b>), is a type of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_tape_recorder" title="Video tape recorder">video tape recorder</a> that uses removable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape" title="Videotape">videotape</a> cassettes containing <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_tape" title="Magnetic tape">magnetic tape</a> to record <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_recording" title="Sound recording">audio</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video" title="Video">video</a> from a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television" title="Television">television</a> broadcast so it can be played back later.<br />
A VCR is different from a <i>video tape recorder</i> in that VTRs can also be <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reel-to-reel" title="Reel-to-reel">reel-to-reel</a> devices that require hand-threading of the tape from a single supply reel, through the recording mechanism and onto a separate take-up reel. VCRs tend to be lower maintenance than reel-to-reel VTRs, since the tape path is usually fully enclosed to keep dust out of the mechanism, and the tape is almost never touched by the user except when malfunctions occur.<br />
Most VCRs have their own <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuner" title="Tuner">tuner</a> (for direct TV reception) and a programmable <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timer" title="Timer">timer</a> (for unattended recording of a certain channel at a particular time). These began as simple mechanical counter-based features similar to those available on contemporary audio equipment, but quickly turned into major selling and differentiation points, with multiple programs possible through a menu interface that used the TV as a display.<br />
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</script> <h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span></h2><h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early machines and formats">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Early_machines_and_formats">Early machines and formats</span></h3>The history of the videocassette recorder follows the history of videotape recording in general. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampex" title="Ampex">Ampex</a> introduced the Ampex VRX-1000, the first commercially successful videotape recorder, in 1956. It used the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2%22_Quadruplex_videotape" title="2" Quadruplex videotape">2" Quadruplex</a> format, using two-inch (5.1 cm) tape.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-0"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#cite_note-0"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> Due to its <span style="white-space: nowrap;">US$50,000</span> price, the Ampex VRX-1000 could be afforded only by the television networks and the largest individual stations.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
In 1963, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a> introduced their EL3400 1" helical scan recorder (aimed at the business and domestic user) and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a> marketed the 2" PV-100, their first <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reel-to-reel" title="Reel-to-reel">reel-to-reel</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VTR" title="VTR">VTR</a> intended for business, medical, airline, and educational use.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-2"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: First home video recorders">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="First_home_video_recorders">First home video recorders</span></h4>The Telcan, produced by the Nottingham Electronic Valve Company in 1963, was the first home video recorder. It could be bought as a unit or in kit form for £60. However, there were several drawbacks: it was expensive, not easy to put together and it could only record 20 minutes output at a time in black-and-white.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-3"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-5"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#cite_note-5"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
The Sony model <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CV-2000" title="CV-2000">CV-2000</a>, first marketed in 1965, was their first VTR intended for home use and was based on half inch tape.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-6"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> Ampex and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RCA" title="RCA">RCA</a> followed in 1965 with their own reel-to-reel <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochrome" title="Monochrome">monochrome</a> VTRs priced under <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US" title="US">US</a> $1,000 for the home consumer market.<br />
The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EIAJ-1" title="EIAJ-1">EIAJ</a> format was a standard half-inch format used by various manufacturers. EIAJ-1 was an open reel format. EIAJ-2 used a cartridge that contained a supply reel, but not the take-up reel. As the take-up reel was part of the recorder, the tape had to be fully rewound before removing the cartridge, a slow procedure.<br />
The development of the videocassette followed the replacement by cassette of other open reel systems in consumer items: the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereo-Pak" title="Stereo-Pak">Stereo-Pak</a> 4-track audio cartridge in 1962, the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_audio_cassette" title="Compact audio cassette">compact audio cassette</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instamatic" title="Instamatic">Instamatic</a> film cartridge in 1963, the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereo_8" title="Stereo 8">8-track cartridge</a> in 1965, and the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_8_mm_film" title="Super 8 mm film">Super 8</a> home movie cartridge in 1966.<br />
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sony U-matic">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Sony_U-matic">Sony U-matic</span></h4><div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-matic" title="U-matic">U-matic</a></div>Sony demonstrated a videocassette <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prototype" title="Prototype">prototype</a> in October 1969, then set it aside to work out an industry standard by March 1970 with seven fellow manufacturers. The result, the Sony <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-matic" title="U-matic">U-matic</a> system, introduced in Tokyo in September 1971, was the world's first commercial videocassette format. Its cartridges, resembling larger versions of the later <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a> cassettes, used 3/4-inch (1.9 cm) tape and had a maximum playing time of 60 minutes, later extended to 90 minutes. Sony also introduced two machines (the VP-1100 videocassette player and the VO-1700 videocassette recorder) to use the new tapes. U-matic, with its ease of use, quickly made other consumer videotape systems obsolete in Japan and North America, where U-matic VCRs were widely used by television newsrooms, schools and businesses. But the cost—<span style="white-space: nowrap;">US$1,395</span> for a combination TV/VCR, or $7,069 in 2007 dollars—kept it out of most homes.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Philips "VCR" format">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Philips_.22VCR.22_format">Philips "VCR" format</span></h4><div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Cassette_Recording" title="Video Cassette Recording">Video Cassette Recording</a></div><div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 242px;"><a class="image" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:N1500_v2.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="137" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/N1500_v2.jpg/240px-N1500_v2.jpg" width="240" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:N1500_v2.jpg" title="Enlarge"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>An N1500 video recorder, with wooden cabinet.</div></div></div>In 1970 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a> developed a home videocassette format. Confusingly, Philips named this format "<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Cassette_Recording" title="Video Cassette Recording">VCR</a>" (although it is also referred to as "N1500", after the first recorder's model number). The format was also supported by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig" title="Grundig">Grundig</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loewe_AG" title="Loewe AG">Loewe</a>. It used square cassettes and half-inch (1.3 cm) tape, mounted on co-axial reels, giving a recording time of one hour. The first model, available in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> in 1972, was equipped with a crude timer that used rotary dials. At nearly £600 ($2087), it was expensive and the format was relatively unsuccessful in the home market. This was followed by digital timer version in 1975, the N1502. In 1977 a new (and incompatible) long-play version ("VCR-LP") or N1700, which could use the same tapes, sold quite well to schools and colleges.<br />
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Avco Cartrivision">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Avco_Cartrivision">Avco Cartrivision</span></h4><div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartrivision" title="Cartrivision">Cartrivision</a></div>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avco" title="Avco">Avco</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartrivision" title="Cartrivision">Cartrivision</a> system, a combination television set and VCR from Cartridge Television Inc. that sold for US $1,350, was the first videocassette recorder to have pre-recorded tapes of popular movies available for rent. Like Philips' VCR format, the square Cartrivision cassette had the two reels of half-inch tape mounted on top of each other, but it could record up to 114 minutes. It did so using a crude form of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_compression" title="Video compression">video compression</a> that recorded only every third <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_%28video%29" title="Field (video)">video field</a> and played it back three times. Cassettes of major movies such as <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Bridge_on_the_River_Kwai" title="The Bridge on the River Kwai">The Bridge on the River Kwai</a></i> and <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guess_Who%27s_Coming_to_Dinner" title="Guess Who's Coming to Dinner">Guess Who's Coming to Dinner</a></i> were ordered via catalog at a <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retailer" title="Retailer">retailer</a>, delivered by parcel mail, and then returned to the retailer after viewing. Other cassettes on sports, travel, art, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How-to" title="How-to">how-to</a> topics were available for purchase. An optional <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochrome" title="Monochrome">monochrome</a> camera could be bought to make home videos. Cartrivision was first sold in June 1972, mainly through <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sears,_Roebuck_and_Company" title="Sears, Roebuck and Company">Sears</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macy%27s" title="Macy's">Macy's</a>, and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montgomery_Ward" title="Montgomery Ward">Montgomery Ward</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_store" title="Department store">department stores</a> in the United States. It was abandoned thirteen months later after poor sales.<br />
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: The late 1970s: Mass-market success">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="The_late_1970s:_Mass-market_success">The late 1970s: Mass-market success</span></h3>It was not until the late 1970s, when European and Japanese companies developed more technically advanced machines with more accurate electronic timers and greater tape duration, that the VCR started to become a mass market consumer product. By 1979 there were three competing technical standards, with different, physically incompatible tape cassettes.<br />
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: VHS vs. Betamax">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="VHS_vs._Betamax">VHS vs. Betamax</span></h4><div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape_format_war" title="Videotape format war">Videotape format war</a></div><div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;"><a class="image" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kaseta_wideo_w_systemie_Beta_ubt.jpeg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="193" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Kaseta_wideo_w_systemie_Beta_ubt.jpeg/220px-Kaseta_wideo_w_systemie_Beta_ubt.jpeg" width="220" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Kaseta_wideo_w_systemie_Beta_ubt.jpeg" title="Enlarge"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>A Betamax cassette</div></div></div>The two major standards were <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony" title="Sony">Sony</a>'s <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betamax" title="Betamax">Betamax</a> (also known as Betacord or just Beta), and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JVC" title="JVC">JVC</a>'s <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS" title="VHS">VHS</a> [Video Home System], which battled for sales in what has become known as the original and definitive <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape_format_war" title="Videotape format war">format war</a>.<br />
Betamax was first to market in November 1975, and was argued by many to be technically more sophisticated,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-8"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#cite_note-8"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> although many users did not perceive a difference. The first machines required an external timer, and could only record one hour. The timer was later incorporated within the machine as a standard feature.<br />
The rival VHS format, introduced in Japan in September 1976 (and introduced in the United States in July 1977 by JVC) boasted a longer two-hour recording time, with four hours using a "long play" mode (RCA SelectaVision models, introduced in September 1977). Because 2 hours and 4 hours was near-ideal for recording movies and sports-games respectively, the consumer naturally flocked towards VHS rather than the 1-hour-limited Betamax. Although Sony later introduced Beta-II and Beta-III to allow a maximum time of 5+ hours, by that time VHS was already boasting 6, 8, or even 9 hours per tape. Thus VHS had a perceived "better value" in the eye of the consumer during the late 1970s.<sup class="Template-Fact" style="white-space: nowrap;" title="This claim needs references to reliable sources from July 2010">[<i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a></i>]</sup><br />
<div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;"><a class="image" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vr2020.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="147" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Vr2020.jpg/220px-Vr2020.jpg" width="220" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vr2020.jpg" title="Enlarge"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>Philips V2000 format video cassette recorder</div></div></div><h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Philips Video 2000">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Philips_Video_2000">Philips Video 2000</span></h4><div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle">Main article: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_2000" title="Video 2000">Video 2000</a></div>A third format, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_2000" title="Video 2000">Video 2000</a>, or V2000 (also marketed as "Video Compact Cassette") was developed and introduced by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips</a> in 1978, and was sold only in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>. Grundig developed and marketed their own models based on the V2000 format. Most V2000 models featured <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piezoelectricity" title="Piezoelectricity">piezoelectric</a> head positioning to dynamically adjust the tape tracking. V2000 cassettes had two sides, and like the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_audio_cassette" title="Compact audio cassette">audio cassette</a> had to be flipped over halfway through their recording time. User switchable record protect levers were used instead of the breakable lugs found on VHS/Beta cassettes. The half-inch tape used contained two parallel quarter-inch tracks, one for each side. It had a recording time of 4 hours per side, later extended to 8 hours per side on a few models. V2000 hit the market after its two rivals in early 1979. The last models produced by Philips in 1985 were felt by many to be superior machines to anything else on the market at the time but the poor reputation gained through the limited features and poor reliability of early models, and the by now dominant market share of VHS/Betamax, ensured only limited sales before the system was scrapped shortly after.<br />
<h4><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Other early formats">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Other_early_formats">Other early formats</span></h4>Some less successful consumer videocassette formats include:<br />
<ul><li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/V-Cord" title="V-Cord">V-Cord</a>, launched by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanyo" title="Sanyo">Sanyo</a> in 1974</li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VX_%28videocassette_format%29" title="VX (videocassette format)">VX</a>, launched by <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panasonic" title="Panasonic">Panasonic</a> in 1975</li>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Video_Cassette" title="Compact Video Cassette">Compact Video Cassette</a> (CVC), developed by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funai" title="Funai">Funai</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technicolor" title="Technicolor">Technicolor</a> and introduced in 1980.</li>
</ul><h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: The court battle">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="The_court_battle">The court battle</span></h3>In the early 1980s, the film companies in the USA fought to suppress the device in the consumer market, citing concerns about copyright violations. In Congressional hearings, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_Picture_Association_of_America" title="Motion Picture Association of America">Motion Picture Association of America</a> head <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Valenti" title="Jack Valenti">Jack Valenti</a> decried the "savagery and the ravages of this machine" and likened its effect on the film industry and the American public to the <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_strangler" title="Boston strangler">Boston strangler</a>:<br />
<blockquote class="templatequote"> <div>We are going to bleed and bleed and hemorrhage, unless this Congress at least protects one industry that is able to retrieve a surplus balance of trade and whose total future depends on its protection from the savagery and the ravages of this machine. ... I say to you that the VCR is to the American film producer and the American public as the Boston strangler is to the woman home alone.</div><div class="templatequotecite">—Hearings before the Subcommittee on Courts, Civil Liberties and the Administration of Justice of the Committee of the Judiciary, House of Representatives, Ninety-seventh Congress, Second Session on H.R. 4783, H.R. 4794 H.R. 4808, H.R. 5250, H.R. 5488, and H.R. 5705, Serial No 97, Part I, Home Recording of Copyrighted Works, April 12, 1982. US Government Printing Office.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup></div></blockquote>In the case <i><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Corp._of_America_v._Universal_City_Studios,_Inc." title="Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc.">Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc.</a></i>, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a> ruled that the device was allowable for private use, thereby guaranteeing market acceptance. In the years following, the film companies found that videorecordings of their products had become a major income source.<br />
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Product Flaws">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Product_Flaws">Product Flaws</span></h2>The Video Cassette Recorder is known to have glitches and common bugs. Reviews state that people experience the magnetic tape of the VHS to be 'chewed' or 'eaten' when ejected from the machine due to a lack of cleaning, or old age, and therefore the VHS tape becomes unusable. VHS tapes recorded in LP or EP/SLP mode tend to not play back very well on other machines, and tapes recorded on a machine made before 1995 tend to not play well on newer machines. Newer VCRs tend to have a shorter lifespan than older units, and are built with cheaper designs and parts, resulting in new machines not having many buttons on the unit, such as tape speed, display, seconds counter, tracking, audio monitor, etc. and relying more on the remote and automatic features.<br />
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Decline">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Decline">Decline</span></h3><div class="thumb tright"> <div class="thumbinner" style="width: 222px;"><a class="image" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:VCR-03.jpg"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="116" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/VCR-03.jpg/220px-VCR-03.jpg" width="220" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"> <div class="magnify"><a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:VCR-03.jpg" title="Enlarge"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a></div>A typical VCR toward the end of its popularity. After decades of refinement in design and production, models similar to this were available for under <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>50</div></div></div>In the early 2000s, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> gradually overtook VHS as the most popular consumer format for playback of prerecorded video. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD_recorder" title="DVD recorder">DVD recorders</a> and other <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_video_recorder" title="Digital video recorder">digital video recorders</a> such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TiVo" title="TiVo">TiVo</a> have recently begun to drop in price in developed countries, which some consider to be the end for VCRs in those markets. DVD rentals in the United States first exceeded those of VHS in June 2003, and in 2005 the president of the Video Software Dealers Association predicted that 2006 would be the last year for major releases on VHS.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#cite_note-10"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup> Most <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_electronics" title="Consumer electronics">consumer electronics</a> retailers in North America (such as <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Best_Buy" title="Best Buy">Best Buy</a>) carry only a few VCRs (often <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VCR/DVD_combo" title="VCR/DVD combo">VCR/DVD-recorder hybrids</a>). Due to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economies_of_scale" title="Economies of scale">economies of scale</a> and simpler construction, DVD players gradually became cheaper than VCRs.<br />
Because of lack of sales, most manufacturers slowly reduced their VCR lineups to only basic consumer models (phasing out professional models and S-VHS models) or stopped production completely.<br />
The declining market combined with a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a> mandate effective March 1, 2007, that all new TV tuners be <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATSC_tuner" title="ATSC tuner">ATSC tuners</a> have encouraged major electronics makers, including Funai, JVC, and Panasonic, to end production of standalone units for the U.S. market. To avoid this costly mandate, most new standalone VCRs in the U.S. today can only record from external <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseband" title="Baseband">baseband</a> sources (usually <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_video" title="Composite video">composite video</a>), including <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coupon-eligible_converter_box" title="Coupon-eligible converter box">CECBs</a> which (by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Telecommunications_and_Information_Administration" title="National Telecommunications and Information Administration">NTIA</a> mandate) all have composite outputs, as well as those ATSC tuners (including TVs) & cable boxes that come with composite outputs. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a>, the leading online video rental service in the United States, does not offer VHS tapes.<br />
The new <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">high definition</a> optical disc format <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blu-ray_Disc" title="Blu-ray Disc">Blu-ray Disc</a> may gradually replace the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> format. Some analysts<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space: nowrap;" title="The material in the vicinity of this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. from June 2010">[<i><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words">who?</a></i>]</sup> expect this change to take place like the VHS to DVD transition. However, with many homes still having a large supply of VHS tapes and with all Blu-ray players designed to play regular DVD's and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Disc" title="Compact Disc">CD's</a> by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Default" title="Default">default</a>, some manufacturers are now making <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VCR/Blu-ray_combo" title="VCR/Blu-ray combo">VCR/Blu-ray combo</a> players.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-11"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder#cite_note-11"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup><br />
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Special features">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Special_features">Special features</span></h2><h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Multi Standard">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Multi_Standard">Multi Standard</span></h3>One of the problems faced with the use of video recorders was especially the exchange of recordings between PAL and NTSC countries. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-standard_television" title="Multi-standard television">Multi Standard</a> video recorders and TV sets gradually overcame these incompatibility problems.<br />
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Stereo Sound & HiFi">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Stereo_Sound_.26_HiFi">Stereo Sound & HiFi</span></h3>The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-matic" title="U-matic">U-matic</a> machines were always made with <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereo" title="Stereo">Stereo</a>, and Beta and VHS started out splitting the audio track on the tape, but the slow tape speed of Beta and VHS limited the sound quality. So HiFi was introduced where they modulated the Left and Right sound tracks as FM on the video portion of the tape.<br />
The <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_mm_video_format" title="8 mm video format">8 mm format</a> always used the video portion of the tape for sound, with an FM carrier between the band space of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrominance" title="Chrominance">chrominance</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminance" title="Luminance">luminance</a> on the tape. 8 mm could be upgraded to Stereo, by adding an extra FM signal for Stereo difference.<br />
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Copy protection">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Copy_protection">Copy protection</span></h3><div class="rellink boilerplate seealso">See also: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copy_protection" title="Copy protection">Copy protection</a></div>Introduced in 1983, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrovision" title="Macrovision">Macrovision</a> is a system that reduces the quality of recordings made from commercial video tapes, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVDs</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pay-per-view" title="Pay-per-view">pay-per-view</a> broadcasts by adding random peaks of luminance to the video signal during <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical_blanking" title="Vertical blanking">vertical blanking</a>. These confuse the automatic level adjustment of the recording VCR which causes the brightness of the picture to constantly change, rendering the recording unwatchable.<br />
When creating a copy-protected videocassette, the Macrovision-distorted signal is stored on the tape itself by special recording equipment. By contrast, on DVDs there is just a marker asking the player to produce such a distortion during playback. All standard <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> players include this protection and obey the marker, though unofficially many models can be modified or adjusted to disable it.<br />
Also, the Macrovision protection system may fail to work on older VCR's made before 1986 and some high end decks built afterwords, usually due to the lack of an <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_Gain_Control" title="Automatic Gain Control">AGC</a> system. Newer VHS and S-VHS machines (and DVD recorders) are susceptible to this signal; generally, machines of other tape formats are unaffected, such as all 3 Betamax variants. VCRs designated for "professional" usage typically have an adjustable AGC system, a specific "Macrovision removing" circuit, or <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_Base_Corrector" title="Time Base Corrector">Digital Timebase Corrector</a> and can thus copy protected tapes with or without preserving the protection. Such VCRs are usually overpriced and sold exclusively to certified professionals (video editors, TV stations etc.) via controlled distribution channels in order to prevent their being used by the general public (however, said professional VCRs can be purchased reasonably by consumers on the second-hand/used market, depending on the VCR's condition). Nowadays, most DVDs still have copyright protection, but certain DVDs do not have it, usually pornography and bootlegs. However, some DVDs, such as certain DVD sets do not have the protection against VHS copying, possibly due to the VHS format no longer used as a major retail medium for movies.<br />
<h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Flying erase-heads">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Flying_erase-heads">Flying erase-heads</span></h3>"Flying erase-heads" is an attribute of some VCRs to precisely edit <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video" title="Video">video</a>, usually performed by the aid of a <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frame_buffer" title="Frame buffer">frame buffer</a> and a special interface to the VCR from a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer" title="Computer">computer</a>. The flying erase-head and the technique of using them was developed during a time when computers did not have sufficient memory for professional video editing applications.<br />
<span class="editsection">[<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Videocassette_recorder&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Variants">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Variants">Variants</span>Audio video stembahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06631618494957404172noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1904626706240055719.post-81297899455154738302010-12-21T06:15:00.001-08:002010-12-21T06:15:23.097-08:00MENGINSTALL CASSETTE RECORDER<h3 class="post-title entry-title"> MENGINSTALL CASSETE RECORDER </h3><div class="post-header"> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgId3EscmUm-KluIVdjCIk5a6XUCUMVYAV7mMlyZgbJKDrNIWXSL2p8YLxW1BS6XRHv6Ipz1ranZNeWCWL1Jwb1PmDgfdawETW_aZePXjrgBNYt7WfnijXRIHvr7rLS7jTXkfwl0sftafrb/s1600/pr7.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgId3EscmUm-KluIVdjCIk5a6XUCUMVYAV7mMlyZgbJKDrNIWXSL2p8YLxW1BS6XRHv6Ipz1ranZNeWCWL1Jwb1PmDgfdawETW_aZePXjrgBNYt7WfnijXRIHvr7rLS7jTXkfwl0sftafrb/s1600/pr7.jpeg" /></a></div><br />
<ol><li>hubungkan cassete recorder ke PLN</li>
<li>masukkan cassete ke dalamnya</li>
<li>silahkan jalankan kegiatan yang anda lakukan</li>
</ol><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFLWlvDQtolfX5OXGqPwaS3MkfAtcmzXZcs7EC75BPXqX5-_WGPieP9BI2GXd472TgTSlcbBo3uDq9RidXAxufRnPS0rXZ7BA2AHVduuYGvVrgubC_4oMiBgCORcGxcbKn9MNsj6gUJHHB/s1600/pr8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFLWlvDQtolfX5OXGqPwaS3MkfAtcmzXZcs7EC75BPXqX5-_WGPieP9BI2GXd472TgTSlcbBo3uDq9RidXAxufRnPS0rXZ7BA2AHVduuYGvVrgubC_4oMiBgCORcGxcbKn9MNsj6gUJHHB/s1600/pr8.jpg" /></a></div><br />
<ul><li>seperti merekam, </li>
<li>memainkan ulang, </li>
<li>menghapus, </li>
<li>dsb.</li>
</ul><br />
apabila menggunakan USB juga bisa,, tinggal memasang ke bagian input USB saja, dan kemudian mainkan musik yang anda pilih.Audio video stembahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06631618494957404172noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1904626706240055719.post-42315050128373156652010-12-21T06:13:00.001-08:002010-12-21T06:13:35.155-08:00MEMPERBAIKI CASSETTE RECORDER<h3 class="post-title entry-title"> MEMPERBAIKI CASSETE RECORDER </h3><div class="post-header"> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAFRVtbRIEg23ZHKs_BxDdLdk_VyeMgm7vr6U6krH6Ny0GeDLHvqYy9YgFheFSdbSP4JN5IY9QSgt7mopke-POBKSjwAqkURshLEexDJKD5l3cGR1qUxlgCif860pPDtgW0KEMLSf4COEa/s1600/baian2.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAFRVtbRIEg23ZHKs_BxDdLdk_VyeMgm7vr6U6krH6Ny0GeDLHvqYy9YgFheFSdbSP4JN5IY9QSgt7mopke-POBKSjwAqkURshLEexDJKD5l3cGR1qUxlgCif860pPDtgW0KEMLSf4COEa/s1600/baian2.jpeg" /></a></div><br />
<br />
Instructions Petunjuk<br />
Hal-hal yang Anda akan BUTUHKAN:<br />
Radio Shack Cassette Repair Kit Radio Shack Kaset Repair Kit<br />
Cassette Tape Editing/splicing Block Kaset Tape Editing / splicing Blok<br />
Single-edged Razor Blades Bermata tunggal Razor Blades<br />
Editing/splicing Tape Editing / splicing Tape<br />
jeweler’s Phillips-head screwdriver perhiasan Phillips-head obeng<br />
1. Lepaskan lima sekrup dari setengah atas tempurung kaset. Jika kaset belahan shell direkatkan, sangat hati-hati split shell dengan obeng Phillips-kepala. Manuver obeng sekitar shell untuk membuka segel tersebut. Menghindari memotong atau merusak komponen internal kaset.<br />
2. Hati-hati angkat dari bagian atas shell kaset.<br />
3 Tarik utuh pita dari reel kiri. Menangani tape sesedikit mungkin.<br />
4 Posisi tape di alur blok splicing.<br />
5 Tutup klem atas rekaman itu.<br />
6 Potong sepanjang slot miring di blok splicing dengan pisau cukur tunggal mengalami kerusakan magnetik atau pisau bermata X-Acto.<br />
7 Lepaskan pita dari blok splicing.<br />
8 Tarik utuh pita dari reel yang tepat. Repeat Steps 4 to 6. Ulangi Langkah 4 sampai 6<br />
9 Tempat tape dari reel tersisa di blok splicing, sehingga ujung pita bertemu di tengah.<br />
10 Potong strip 1/2-inch tape editing. Tempat dimana tape memenuhi kebutuhan. Smooth dengan ujung belakang pena.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoRk1yi0qI0WBTMnY7C9ImHfbTP4ZS-XMkIX0c-l0vTjtIWHMGt8nLUg-t_kHrzX7-hX2uJ5iku2Iz0ypKhME_6Gz0pRAghMPCl7LPDo3wHotPIPss59sAdeP2koc-zBdgmFd1iwRA7DzY/s1600/baian.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoRk1yi0qI0WBTMnY7C9ImHfbTP4ZS-XMkIX0c-l0vTjtIWHMGt8nLUg-t_kHrzX7-hX2uJ5iku2Iz0ypKhME_6Gz0pRAghMPCl7LPDo3wHotPIPss59sAdeP2koc-zBdgmFd1iwRA7DzY/s1600/baian.jpeg" /></a></div><br />
<br />
11 Posisi pita di bagian bawah shell kaset. Hati-hati angin pita sekitar pin plastik stasioner dan rol di setiap sisi. Posisi tape antara pad tekanan dan depan “gigi” dari shell kaset.<br />
12 Tempatkan lembar filmy atas tape dengan sisi tumpul menghadap ke bawah.<br />
13 Setengah hati-hati posisi atas tempurung kaset di bawah setengah. Pastikan Anda tidak mencubit tape antara dua bagian dari shell.<br />
14 Sekrup atau tape shell bagian bersama-sama.<br />
15 Manual mundur inci beberapa kaset sebelum pengujian.<br />
<br />
REFERENSI :<br />
<ol class="references"><li id="cite_note-21"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Cassette#cite_ref-21">^</a></b> <span class="citation web"><a class="external text" href="http://www.dansbandsbloggen.se/2006/05/vad-hnder-med-dansbandsutgivningen-nr.html" rel="nofollow">"Dansbandsbloggen 21 maj 2006 - ''Vad händer med dansbandsutgivningen när Bert säljer?''"</a>. Dansbandsbloggen.se<span class="printonly">. <a class="external free" href="http://www.dansbandsbloggen.se/2006/05/vad-hnder-med-dansbandsutgivningen-nr.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.dansbandsbloggen.se/2006/05/vad-hnder-med-dansbandsutgivningen-nr.html</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 2010-08-20</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Dansbandsbloggen+21+maj+2006+-+%27%26%2339%3BVad+h%C3%A4nder+med+dansbandsutgivningen+n%C3%A4r+Bert+s%C3%A4ljer%3F%27%26%2339%3B&rft.atitle=&rft.pub=Dansbandsbloggen.se&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dansbandsbloggen.se%2F2006%2F05%2Fvad-hnder-med-dansbandsutgivningen-nr.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Compact_Cassette"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-22"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Cassette#cite_ref-22">^</a></b> <a class="external free" href="http://www.giri.in/category.asp?tname=gitaa_cassettes&catname=GITAA+Cassettes+&dept=2" rel="nofollow">http://www.giri.in/category.asp?tname=gitaa_cassettes&catname=GITAA+Cassettes+&dept=2</a></li>
<li id="cite_note-23"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Cassette#cite_ref-23">^</a></b> <a class="external free" href="http://allafrica.com/stories/201004190264.html" rel="nofollow">http://allafrica.com/stories/201004190264.html</a></li>
<li id="cite_note-24"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Cassette#cite_ref-24">^</a></b> <a class="external free" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/mar/29/audio-cassette-comeback" rel="nofollow">http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/mar/29/audio-cassette-comeback</a></li>
<li id="cite_note-24"><b><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_Cassette#cite_ref-36">^</a></b> <span class="citation web"><a class="external text" href="http://www.lenrek.net/experiments/sdr-cassette/" rel="nofollow">"Analysis of an SDR Cassette Tape"</a></span> </li>
</ol>Audio video stembahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06631618494957404172noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1904626706240055719.post-21585137251252793342010-12-21T06:12:00.003-08:002010-12-21T06:12:19.076-08:00MERAWAT CASSETTE RECORDER<h3 class="post-title entry-title"> MERAWAT CASSETE RECORDER </h3><div class="post-header"> </div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody>
<tr><td class="style11"><div class="style11"><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4Xs5D21czBs0S0wqzdn_TNXeswjWOiXT61HqARBFJGjXe9lH1_bcKdydrhLtl-jZ7nq1QA6LekcJyICCoRwAeYgSVTg3dBvVWzv08jOH3wxgZ6Yt-VFcrxdFogM6_oHG4buZ3xRKC6m1U/s1600/rawat.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4Xs5D21czBs0S0wqzdn_TNXeswjWOiXT61HqARBFJGjXe9lH1_bcKdydrhLtl-jZ7nq1QA6LekcJyICCoRwAeYgSVTg3dBvVWzv08jOH3wxgZ6Yt-VFcrxdFogM6_oHG4buZ3xRKC6m1U/s1600/rawat.jpeg" /></a></div><br />
<br />
<b>Perawatan</b></div></td> <td class="style11"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr> <td class="style11">1) Secara singkat :</td> <td class="style11"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr> <td class="style11" colspan="2"><ul type="disc"><li class="isi">Pilih tempat yang bebas debu & bebas goncangan</li>
<li class="isi">Letakan pesawat pada posisi mendatar</li>
<li class="isi">Pada waktu melakukan instalasi pesawat harus dalam keadaan mati ( off )</li>
<li class="isi">Sebelum mengoperasikan pesawat, perhatikan sumber daya yang akan digunakan ( listrik atau baterai )</li>
<li class="isi">Membersihkan pesawat cukup dengan kain kering atau diberi sedikit air, jangan menggunakan bahan kimia seperti spirtus, alcohol, bensin, dll.</li>
<li class="isi">Hubungi service terdekat jika pesawat mengalami kerusakan.</li>
</ul><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2QcWK4t2Ttz0kDUsZd3es1WXeXzmUgKZUjxxZ0x1scmXN1coq_SpQ6BDKegoAoe1qGid971qG1GIoMRW7ofpowMeIcKhbH4ZcWSZhXCGGnkvSeNL444OSdTD7HbBIajRZBFeARa-SV8Cr/s1600/rawatt.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2QcWK4t2Ttz0kDUsZd3es1WXeXzmUgKZUjxxZ0x1scmXN1coq_SpQ6BDKegoAoe1qGid971qG1GIoMRW7ofpowMeIcKhbH4ZcWSZhXCGGnkvSeNL444OSdTD7HbBIajRZBFeARa-SV8Cr/s1600/rawatt.jpeg" /></a></div><br />
2) Secara rinci :<br />
<u><b>Pertama</b></u>, jangan pernah menyimpan kaset dalam kondisi setengah habis (masih terdapat pita hitam). Pastikan kaset tersimpan dalam kotaknya dalam kondisi habis (pita putih) untuk menghindari perubahan kualitas suara kaset<br />
<u><b>Kedua</b></u>, kebiasaan menyimpan kaset di dalam tape bukanlah hal yang baik. <i>Head tape</i> adalah medan magnet yang bisa membuat koleksi kaset mengalami perubahan suara naik turun. Setelah didengarkan, keluarkan segera kaset dan simpan pada kotaknya.<br />
<u><b>Ketiga</b></u>, siapkan rak khusus koleksi kaset dengan sirkulasi udara yang baik. Berikan rongga antar kaset,<br />
sehingga meminimalisir koleksi dari resiko terkena jamur. [Kalo udah dempet-dempet dan salah satu koleksi kena jamur, biasanya nular ke koleksi lain. <br />
Jika koleksi kaset sudah terlanjur terkena jamur. Rendam kaset ke dalam ember berisi air selama 1-2 hari. Setelah itu, keringkan kaset di tempat yang tidak terkena sinar matahari langsung sampai kaset benar-benar kering.<br />
Berikan silica gel di tempat menyimpan koleksi kaset. Pemakaian silica gel dipercaya ampuh mencegah kaset-kaset terkena jamur.<br />
<br />
SUMBER : <br />
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</ul></td></tr>
</tbody></table>Audio video stembahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06631618494957404172noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1904626706240055719.post-26306303808510455982010-12-21T06:11:00.000-08:002010-12-21T06:11:02.986-08:00CARA MENGOPRASIKAN CASSETTE RECORDER<h3 class="post-title entry-title"> CARA MENGOPERASIKAN CASSETE RECORDER </h3><div class="post-header"> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAuOEaqJ6zoECqgOpiGpKJ4-ppMnrEAIHjwDuxoyX2Bv6rmGnnYBS47_BCLzliklOhvQzr_bqdkyw1utrpqPmqwb4X_B9wklLRHIoCs-9GiJCJburN7RQJeBD7yCQpuLWG8V1Cg2QZOlmZ/s1600/opera.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAuOEaqJ6zoECqgOpiGpKJ4-ppMnrEAIHjwDuxoyX2Bv6rmGnnYBS47_BCLzliklOhvQzr_bqdkyw1utrpqPmqwb4X_B9wklLRHIoCs-9GiJCJburN7RQJeBD7yCQpuLWG8V1Cg2QZOlmZ/s1600/opera.jpeg" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQdJLG0nIXXrC1LkK1_jSt8IAx2WY1eSFnJmO5xTMwxw9MLJcsJicm2PZ-yuT9aojtXmHZ-Lgd0D2SbzrSNZLXkrOcaEWmNUOgKBSG-IEO6CuDWsHqvj6U3Q3AWbj_H-diL7dy5Af1RKdV/s1600/opp.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br />
</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b> <span style="color: #993366; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: #993366; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Memahami Langkah atau Prosedur </span> </b> </div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="height: 1426px; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-align: left; width: 680px;"><tbody>
<tr align="justify"> <td><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" rowspan="3" width="340"><br />
</td> <td class="style11"><b>Peralatan Audio</b></td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" width="340"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" valign="top"><div class="style11">Peralatan Audio adalah perangkat elektronika yang menghasilkan frekuensi suara yang dapat didengar oleh manusia baik untuk rumah tangga, Otomotif, perkantoran, Rumah Sakit ataupun untuk fasilitas umum. Seperti pesawat tape recorder, VCD, Radio, VCR, tone control, equalizer, mixer audio, power amp, dan lain-lain.</div></td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11"><br />
</td> <td class="style11"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" colspan="2"><div class="style11"><b>Kecermatan memahami langkah atau prosedur pengoperasian peralatan Audio</b></div></td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11"><br />
</td> <td class="style11"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" colspan="2"><div class="style11">Untuk dapat mengoperasikan peralatan Audio yang benar agar tidak terjadi kesalahan maka sebaiknya memahami hal-hal dibawah ini</div></td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11"><br />
</td> <td class="style11"><div class="style12">Perhatian </div></td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" style="text-align: justify;" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td class="style11" valign="top"><div style="text-align: justify;">1. Simbol petir di dalam segitiga dimaksudkan untuk memperingatkan pengguna terhadap adanya tegangan tinggi di dalam yang tidak terisolasi. 2. Tanda seru di dalam segitiga di maksudkan untuk memperingatkan pengguna terhadap adanya intruksi penting pengoperasian & perawatan penting dalam literature yang menyertai produk.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b> <span style="color: #993366; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> Prosedur Baku Pengoperasian Peralatan Audio </span></b></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQdJLG0nIXXrC1LkK1_jSt8IAx2WY1eSFnJmO5xTMwxw9MLJcsJicm2PZ-yuT9aojtXmHZ-Lgd0D2SbzrSNZLXkrOcaEWmNUOgKBSG-IEO6CuDWsHqvj6U3Q3AWbj_H-diL7dy5Af1RKdV/s1600/opp.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQdJLG0nIXXrC1LkK1_jSt8IAx2WY1eSFnJmO5xTMwxw9MLJcsJicm2PZ-yuT9aojtXmHZ-Lgd0D2SbzrSNZLXkrOcaEWmNUOgKBSG-IEO6CuDWsHqvj6U3Q3AWbj_H-diL7dy5Af1RKdV/s1600/opp.jpeg" /></a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: #993366; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span> </b> </div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; text-align: left; width: 680px;"><tbody>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" colspan="2"><div class="style11">Untuk mengoperasikan pesawat Audio tentunya harus beracuan pada buku petunjuk pengoperasian (user manual) agar dalam mengoperasikan tidak terjadi kesalahan yang dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan dan kecelakaan baik pada alat maupun peralatan Audio tersebut.</div>Secara umum pengoperasian pesawat Audio disesuaikan pada fungsi tombol-tombol maupun conector pada panel dpan & belakang pada pesawat Audio masing-masing artinya tombol-tombol konektor pada peralatan Audio hampir sama dengan fungsinya masing-masing.</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" width="340"><br />
</td> <td class="style11" width="340"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11"><i><b>Berikut contoh tombol-tombol pada peralatan Audio </b></i></td> <td class="style11"><b><br />
</b></td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td colspan="2" valign="top"><i><br />
</i></td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td><br />
</td> <td><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td colspan="2"><div class="style11">Setelah mengetahui fungsi tombol-tombol masing-masing peralatan Audio baru langkah berikutnya yaitu melakukan langkah atau prosedur baku pengoperasian.<br />
Berikut ini contoh pengoperasian pada pesawat cassette recorder yaitu : </div></td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td><br />
</td> <td><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="center"> <td colspan="2"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left; width: 680px;"><tbody>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" valign="top" width="25">1</td> <td class="style11" valign="top" width="453"><div class="style11">Atur knob atau tombol “ Function “ pada posisi “Tape”</div></td> <td width="202"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td class="style11" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" valign="top">2</td> <td class="style11" valign="top"><div class="style11">Buka tempat kaset dengan menenak tombol “ Stop/Eject “</div></td> <td><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="isi" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td class="isi" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td valign="top"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="isi" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td class="isi" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td valign="top"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" valign="top">3</td> <td class="isi" valign="top"><div class="style11">Masukkan kaset ke tempat kaset sesuai dengan sisi kaset yang akan dimainkan.</div></td> <td valign="top"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="isi" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td class="isi" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td valign="top"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="isi" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td class="isi" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td valign="top"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" valign="top">4</td> <td class="isi" valign="top"><div class="style11">Tekan tombol “ Play “ untuk memainkannya.</div></td> <td valign="top"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="isi" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td class="isi" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td valign="top"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="isi" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td class="isi" valign="top"><br />
</td> <td valign="top"><br />
</td> </tr>
<tr align="justify"> <td class="style11" valign="top">5</td> <td class="style11" valign="top">Atur volume & graphic equalizer sesuai dengan selera anda.<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
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</ul></td></tr>
</tbody></table></td></tr>
</tbody></table></td></tr>
</tbody></table>Audio video stembahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06631618494957404172noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1904626706240055719.post-15602014367396303612010-12-21T06:09:00.003-08:002010-12-21T06:09:11.855-08:00PRINSIP KERJA COMPACT CASSETTE RECORDER<h3 class="post-title entry-title"> PRINSIP KERJA COMPACT CASSETTE RECORDER </h3><div class="post-header"> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3hh-E-CaWUIgW3ciYCw5Es24ElL0rT8OkhAJiYdnXqEQQxOv14FLb1E328MIRpMTw0r1eblEdovopuo7ZwDf8kwICr8aomkE4nddMfPC5zP5P0Top9uvjvVjAzz1S96X2S_XqLo7YRe8J/s1600/cara.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3hh-E-CaWUIgW3ciYCw5Es24ElL0rT8OkhAJiYdnXqEQQxOv14FLb1E328MIRpMTw0r1eblEdovopuo7ZwDf8kwICr8aomkE4nddMfPC5zP5P0Top9uvjvVjAzz1S96X2S_XqLo7YRe8J/s1600/cara.jpeg" /></a></div><h2> </h2><h2>prinsip kerja compact cassette recorder</h2><div class="entry">Compact Cassette, yang biasa disebut kaset, pita kaset, atau tape adalah media penyimpan data yang umumnya berupa lagu. Berasal dari bahasa Perancis, yakni cassette yang berarti “kotak kecil”. Kaset berupa pita magnetik yang mampu merekam data dengan format suara. Dari tahun 1970 sampai 1990-an, kaset merupakan salah satu format media yang paling umum digunakan dalam industri musik.<br />
Kaset terdiri dari kumparan-kumparan kecil. Kumparan-kumparan dan bagian-bagian lainnya ini terbungkus dalam bungkus plastik berbentuk kotak kecil berbentuk persegi panjang. Di dalamnya terdapat sepasang roda putaran untuk pita magnet. Pita ini akan berputar dan menggulung ketika kaset dimainkan atau merekam. Ketika pita bergerak ke salah satu arah dan yang lainnya bergerak ke arah yang lain. Hal ini membuat kaset dapat dimainkan atau merekam di kedua sisinya. Contohnya, side A dan side B.<br />
Kaset pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh Phillips pada tahun 1963 di Eropa dan tahun 1964 di Amerika Serikat, dengan nama Compact Cassette. Kemudian kaset semakin populer di industri musik selama tahun 1970-an dan perlahan-lahan menggeser piringan hitam. Produksi besar kaset diawali pada tahun 1964 di Hanover, Jerman. Pada awalnya, kualitas suara pada kaset ini tidak terlalu bagus untuk musik. Bahkan beberapa model awal tidak memiliki rancangan mesin yang baik. Pada tahun 1971, The Advant Corporation memperkenalkan model terbarunya, Model 201, yang menggabungkan Dolby tipe B pengurang gangguan (noise) dengan pita kromium dioksida. Oleh karena itulah kaset mulai dapat digunakan dalam industri musik secara serius, dan dimulailah era kaset berketepatan tinggi.<br />
Selama tahun 1980-an, popularitas kaset tumbuh semakin pesat karena hadirnya rekorder poket portabel pemutarnya seperti Sony’s Walkman. Seperti radio yang menyediakan musik pada 1960-an, pemutar CD portable pada 1990-an, dan MP3 player pada 2000-an, kaset memegang peran besar dalam dunia musik pada 1980-an dan 1990-an, bahkan di era sekarang (setelah 2000-an), kaset masih menjadi salah satu alternatif media musik. Lepas dari segi tekniknya, keberadaan kaset juga berdampak pada perubahan sosial. Keawetan kaset serta kemudahannya untuk dikopi berperan di balik berkembangnya musik punk dan rock. Kaset seakan-akan menjadi pijakan bagi generasi muda di kebudayaan barat. Untuk alasan yang sama pula kaset berkembang pesat di negara-negara berkembang. Pada tahun 1970-an, kaset dianggap membawa pengaruh buruk sekularisme di kalangan masyarakat religius India. Teknologi kaset menciptakan pasar yang membludak bagi musik pop di India.<br />
</div><span class="" id="result_box" lang="id"><span title="">Penyimpanan magnetik dan perekaman magnetik istilah dari rekayasa mengacu pada penyimpanan data pada media magnet. </span><span title="">penyimpanan magnetik menggunakan pola yang berbeda dari magnetisasi dalam bahan magnet untuk menyimpan data dan merupakan bentuk memori non-volatile. </span><span title="">Informasi diakses menggunakan satu atau lebih membaca / menulis kepala. </span><span title="">Pada 2009, media penyimpan yang bersifat magnetis, terutama hard disk, secara luas digunakan untuk menyimpan data komputer serta sinyal audio dan video. </span><span title="">Di bidang komputasi, penyimpanan magnetik istilah lebih disukai dan di bidang produksi audio dan video, rekaman magnetik istilah lebih umum digunakan. </span><span title="">Perbedaan kurang teknis dan lebih merupakan masalah preferensi. </span><span title="">Contoh lain dari media penyimpan yang bersifat magnetis termasuk disket, pita rekaman magnetik, dan garis-garis magnetik pada kartu kredit.</span></span><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinNIZ2-bjvehPkUUBAVFC92GyEl2QWMCHF8zupKJ5PSMoSKsrlyfpC4FrIgRBNg72YMSYYFpIozVq842UVeS2Wns0_Wq_GRM19eEd6AipsAB_wRt7Fa0grpPuZ-0j9lm5NGiEKj-jp5WED/s1600/carr.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinNIZ2-bjvehPkUUBAVFC92GyEl2QWMCHF8zupKJ5PSMoSKsrlyfpC4FrIgRBNg72YMSYYFpIozVq842UVeS2Wns0_Wq_GRM19eEd6AipsAB_wRt7Fa0grpPuZ-0j9lm5NGiEKj-jp5WED/s1600/carr.jpeg" /></a></div><br />
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<span class="" id="result_box" lang="id"><span title="">Compact kaset terdiri dari dua kelos miniatur, antara yang tape magnetis dilapisi plastik adalah berlalu dan luka. </span><span title="">Kelos ini dan bagian pembantu mereka diadakan di dalam tempurung plastik pelindung. </span><span title="">Dua pasang stereo track (empat total) atau dua track audio mono yang tersedia pada pita; satu pasang stereo atau satu trek monofonik diputar atau dicatat pada saat rekaman bergerak dalam satu arah dan pasangan kedua ketika bergerak ke arah lain. </span><span title="">pembalikan Hal ini dicapai baik oleh membalik kaset secara manual atau dengan memiliki mesin itu sendiri mengubah arah gerakan tape ("auto-reverse").</span></span><br />
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http//id.wikipedia.org/wiki/compact_cassetteAudio video stembahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06631618494957404172noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1904626706240055719.post-74810058792103117862010-12-21T06:07:00.003-08:002010-12-21T06:07:33.639-08:00JENIS-JENIS KASET DAN KEGUNAANNYA<h3 class="post-title entry-title"> JENIS-JENIS KASET DAN KEGUNAANYA </h3><div class="post-header"> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxBC98i44v4IBcnuEbTWnbvZauEqJ68n1lYWEibFUhDd7UWaGTAqH6o84_NNDx8fKRZxnJ-qQ5bTaTYyBPpFxP-I4vzAM-QkCBIteqOth2a_kCjgllrzGvNEx-Ye14Nn8J4Q5NmNaIXYDt/s1600/kk.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxBC98i44v4IBcnuEbTWnbvZauEqJ68n1lYWEibFUhDd7UWaGTAqH6o84_NNDx8fKRZxnJ-qQ5bTaTYyBPpFxP-I4vzAM-QkCBIteqOth2a_kCjgllrzGvNEx-Ye14Nn8J4Q5NmNaIXYDt/s1600/kk.jpeg" /></a></div><h1 class="firstHeading" id="firstHeading"><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"> </span></h1><h1 class="firstHeading" id="firstHeading"><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)">Kaset video</span></h1><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi23MWSwjny1OdbVoJW1FiuSKOk3DM6sZtZB4sg7WPsqARe__WhW0NLnLLL_xkndJhZwj9Vw8p5bq8ye82cw_4DwHpLx_FtV5had3eGu9z6xHAlMha0Z2Afw9PJtoo2oBhAWvEhniwWjFaF/s1600/kkks.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi23MWSwjny1OdbVoJW1FiuSKOk3DM6sZtZB4sg7WPsqARe__WhW0NLnLLL_xkndJhZwj9Vw8p5bq8ye82cw_4DwHpLx_FtV5had3eGu9z6xHAlMha0Z2Afw9PJtoo2oBhAWvEhniwWjFaF/s1600/kkks.jpeg" /></a></div><h1 class="firstHeading" id="firstHeading"><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"> </span></h1><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><b>rekaman video</b> adalah merekam gambar dan suara pada <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_tape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhdRToav-iC0AGVGJ35w3Robd2ZMA" title="Pita perekam suara">pita magnetik</a> sebagai lawan untuk <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_stock&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgE8Z7hog5nhZXIwiPNWRTD7GW82w" title="Film saham">film film</a> atau <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_access&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhinrjCzwWDW1gmzmCsBr-VYJRaHgg" title="Akses random">random access</a> media digital.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Videotapes are also used for storing scientific or medical data, such as the data produced by an electrocardiogram.</span> Kaset video juga digunakan untuk menyimpan data ilmiah atau medis, seperti data yang dihasilkan oleh elektrokardiogram.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">In most cases, a <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helical_scan&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjRP9oqnh90wRh0VrSke4hgFL3LeQ" title="Helical scan">helical scan</a> video head rotates against the moving tape to record the data in two dimensions, because video signals have a very high bandwidth, and static heads would require extremely high tape speeds.</span> Dalam kebanyakan kasus, sebuah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helical_scan&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjRP9oqnh90wRh0VrSke4hgFL3LeQ" title="Helical scan">heliks scan</a> kepala memutar video melawan pita bergerak untuk merekam data dalam dua dimensi, karena sinyal video memiliki bandwidth yang sangat tinggi, dan kepala statis akan membutuhkan kaset kecepatan tinggi sangat.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Videotape is used in both <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_tape_recorder&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhj4ek0-DlJUqCjPByUsGUgFfomPnQ" title="Video tape recorder">video tape recorders</a> ( <i>VTRs</i> ) or, more commonly and more recently, video cassette recorders ( <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VCR&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiqpecQD1ndl9nU54qR5CSdQJPCPg" title="VCR">VCRs</a> ) and <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camcorder&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhj4cUp3IWGMqqvufQMnJZ0uNakMvw" title="Camcorder">video cameras</a> .</span> Kaset video digunakan dalam kedua <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_tape_recorder&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhj4ek0-DlJUqCjPByUsGUgFfomPnQ" title="Video tape recorder">video tape recorder</a> <i>(VTR)</i> atau, lebih umum dan lebih baru-baru ini, perekam kaset video ( <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VCR&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiqpecQD1ndl9nU54qR5CSdQJPCPg" title="VCR">VCR</a> ) dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camcorder&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhj4cUp3IWGMqqvufQMnJZ0uNakMvw" title="Camcorder">kamera video</a> .</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Tape is a linear method of storing information and, since nearly all video recordings made nowadays are digital, it is expected to gradually lose importance as non-linear/random-access methods of storing digital video data become more common.</span> Tape adalah metode linear menyimpan informasi dan, karena hampir semua rekaman video yang dibuat saat ini adalah digital, diharapkan secara bertahap kalah pentingnya sebagai metode non-linear/random-access untuk menyimpan data video digital menjadi lebih umum.</span><br />
<h3><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="mw-headline" id="Cassette_formats">format Kaset</span></span> </h3><div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width: 252px;"><a class="image" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:U-matic.jpg&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhidF-mxeII3lrvHOEjr0Kn8fOFh3g"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="187" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/U-matic.jpg/250px-U-matic.jpg" width="250" /></a> <br />
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a class="internal" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:U-matic.jpg&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhidF-mxeII3lrvHOEjr0Kn8fOFh3g" title="Memperbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a> </div><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">A U-matic tape</span> Sebuah tape U-matic</span> </div></div></div><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">In 1969, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjUNJy5nw7BZKgoqSI1Whl7SDdkUg" title="Sony">Sony</a> introduced a prototype for the first widespread video cassette, the 3/4" (1.905 cm) <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_video&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhicRr0tsdueOv8gEDLfghaVL0rFwg" title="Composite video">composite</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-matic&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhggGoyes-6LVSmXTub35F2HPodiYQ" title="U-matic">U-matic</a> system, which Sony introduced commercially in September 1971 after working out industry standards with other manufacturers. Sony later refined it to <i>Broadcast Video U-matic</i> or BVU. Sony continued its hold on the professional market with its ever-expanding 1/2" (1.27 cm) <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Component_video&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjoPIvkFRtRhcQ-y0urLMYxdUmCzA" title="Komponen video">component video</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betacam&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjBc-EgciZjqy-BKTGl5oxMJu8_iQ" title="Betacam">Betacam</a> family (introduced in 1982), which, in its digital variants, is still among the professional market leaders. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panasonic&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgviTkBwyAVkh-t3e1CMTLymIy3pg" title="Panasonic">Panasonic</a> had some limited success with its <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panasonic_MII&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhixt5cetA6uU0xAbhvYaxxrmiUCcg" title="Panasonic MII">MII</a> system, but never could compare to Betacam in terms of market share.</span> Pada tahun 1969, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjUNJy5nw7BZKgoqSI1Whl7SDdkUg" title="Sony">Sony</a> memperkenalkan prototipe untuk video kaset luas pertama, 3 / 4 "(1,905 cm) <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_video&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhicRr0tsdueOv8gEDLfghaVL0rFwg" title="Composite video">komposit</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-matic&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhggGoyes-6LVSmXTub35F2HPodiYQ" title="U-matic">U-matic</a> sistem, yang Sony diperkenalkan secara komersial pada September 1971 setelah bekerja standar industri dengan produsen lain kemudian. Sony disempurnakan untuk <i>Broadcast Video U-matic</i> atau BVU. Sony terus memegang pada pasar profesional dengan yang pernah-berkembang 1 / 2 "(1,27 cm) <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Component_video&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjoPIvkFRtRhcQ-y0urLMYxdUmCzA" title="Komponen video">komponen video</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betacam&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjBc-EgciZjqy-BKTGl5oxMJu8_iQ" title="Betacam">Betacam</a> keluarga (diperkenalkan pada tahun 1982), yang pada varian digital, masih di antara pemimpin pasar profesional. <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panasonic&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgviTkBwyAVkh-t3e1CMTLymIy3pg" title="Panasonic">Panasonic</a> memiliki beberapa keberhasilan terbatas dengan perusahaan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panasonic_MII&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhixt5cetA6uU0xAbhvYaxxrmiUCcg" title="Panasonic MII">MII</a> sistem, tetapi tidak pernah bisa dibandingkan dengan Betacam dalam hal pangsa pasar.</span> <br />
<span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">The next step was the <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhh0PLPp8FNacuhpA0IvxZaPgsdhAg" title="Digital">digital</a> revolution.</span> Langkah berikutnya adalah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhh0PLPp8FNacuhpA0IvxZaPgsdhAg" title="Digital">digital</a> revolusi.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Among the first digital video formats Sony's <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D1_%28Sony%29&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgYEtIVKILS4EGrlW2Ihz7h1_8Qwg" title="D1 (Sony)">D-1</a> , which featured uncompressed digital component recording.</span> Di antara format video digital pertama Sony <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D1_%28Sony%29&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgYEtIVKILS4EGrlW2Ihz7h1_8Qwg" title="D1 (Sony)">D-1</a> , yang menampilkan rekaman komponen digital terkompresi.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Because D-1 was extremely expensive, the composite <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D2_%28video_format%29&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhho2Hvnz2LU-ZKTPdW5Vy3Kn4wQpg" title="D2 (format video)">D-2</a> and <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D3_video&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjMHEQskE0lvK_WzBQZdtGyyMSG-g" title="D3 video">D-3</a> (by Sony and Panasonic, respectively) were introduced soon after.</span> Karena D-1 sangat mahal, komposit <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D2_%28video_format%29&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhho2Hvnz2LU-ZKTPdW5Vy3Kn4wQpg" title="D2 (format video)">D-2</a> dan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D3_video&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjMHEQskE0lvK_WzBQZdtGyyMSG-g" title="D3 video">D-3</a> (oleh Sony dan Panasonic, masing-masing) diperkenalkan segera setelah.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Ampex introduced the first compressed component recording with its <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DCT_%28videocassette_format%29&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhi1oCTKyiO76eIyZqyGZ0KGniLXlw" title="DCT (format kaset video)">DCT</a> series in 1992.</span> Ampex memperkenalkan rekaman komponen dikompresi pertama dengan perusahaan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DCT_%28videocassette_format%29&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhi1oCTKyiO76eIyZqyGZ0KGniLXlw" title="DCT (format kaset video)">DCT</a> seri pada tahun 1992.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Panasonic trumped D-1 with its <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D5_HD&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiko5jOCC4xntLIomjspKruAffnhg" title="D5 HD">D-5</a> format, which was uncompressed as well, but much more affordable.</span> Panasonic palsu D-1 dengan yang <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D5_HD&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiko5jOCC4xntLIomjspKruAffnhg" title="D5 HD">5 D-</a> format, yang tidak dikompresi juga, tetapi jauh lebih terjangkau.</span> <br />
<span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><br />
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<h2><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><span class="editsection"><br />
</span></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Home_video"></span></span> </h2><h3><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><span class="editsection"></span></span><span class="mw-headline" id="VCRs">VCR</span></span> </h3><div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width: 252px;"><a class="image" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vhs_cassette_bottom.jpg&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhVBa1Oj2-7uoa46vc_aGkr-JWfiQ"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="193" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Vhs_cassette_bottom.jpg/250px-Vhs_cassette_bottom.jpg" width="250" /></a> <br />
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a class="internal" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Vhs_cassette_bottom.jpg&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhVBa1Oj2-7uoa46vc_aGkr-JWfiQ" title="Memperbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a> </div><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Bottom view of <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjyb9_ilenGsznvwY8cYbU2Yvh-QA" title="VHS">VHS</a> videotape cassette with magnetic tape exposed</span> Pemandangan bawah <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjyb9_ilenGsznvwY8cYbU2Yvh-QA" title="VHS">VHS</a> kaset rekaman video dengan pita magnetik terkena</span> </div></div></div><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">The first consumer <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhj4E8A_7TRYxG7MIJ1yLIMVXtCHwQ" title="Perekam kaset video">videocassette recorders</a> were launched in 1971 (based around <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-matic&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhggGoyes-6LVSmXTub35F2HPodiYQ" title="U-matic">U-matic</a> technology). <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philips&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgDgEhCeCCikx4Y_6diXGzBtjvqkg" title="Philips">Philips</a> entered the domestic market the following year with the N1500 <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_note-16"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-16">[ 17 ]</sup></a> .</span> Konsumen pertama <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videocassette_recorder&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhj4E8A_7TRYxG7MIJ1yLIMVXtCHwQ" title="Perekam kaset video">perekam kaset video</a> yang diluncurkan pada tahun 1971 (berbasis di sekitar <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U-matic&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhggGoyes-6LVSmXTub35F2HPodiYQ" title="U-matic">U-matic</a> teknologi). <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philips&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgDgEhCeCCikx4Y_6diXGzBtjvqkg" title="Philips">Philips</a> memasuki pasar domestik tahun berikutnya dengan N1500 pada <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_note-16"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-16">[17]</sup></a> .</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Sony's <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betamax&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhg6ZH36jeeHRwa6Sp1_QYm1QHzl8A" title="Betamax">Betamax</a> (1975) and JVC's <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjyb9_ilenGsznvwY8cYbU2Yvh-QA" title="VHS">VHS</a> (1976) created a mass-market for VCRs and the two competing systems battled the " <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape_format_war&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhWwi8jTfPaCDixOy2p83lr5tkS3g" title="Kaset Video format perang">videotape format war</a> ", which VHS ultimately won.</span> Sony <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betamax&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhg6ZH36jeeHRwa6Sp1_QYm1QHzl8A" title="Betamax">Betamax</a> (1975) dan JVC <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjyb9_ilenGsznvwY8cYbU2Yvh-QA" title="VHS">VHS</a> (1976) menciptakan pasar massal untuk VCR dan dua sistem yang bersaing memerangi " <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape_format_war&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhWwi8jTfPaCDixOy2p83lr5tkS3g" title="Kaset Video format perang">perang format kaset video</a> ", yang akhirnya dimenangkan VHS.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">At first VCRs were very expensive, but by the late 1980s the price had come down enough to make them affordable to a mainstream audience.</span> Pada VCR pertama sangat mahal, tetapi oleh akhir 1980-an harga turun cukup untuk membuat mereka terjangkau untuk audiens arus utama.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Videocassettes finally made it possible for consumers to buy or rent a complete film and watch it at home whenever they wished, rather than simply catching it at a movie theatre or having to wait until it was telecast.</span> Kaset video akhirnya memungkinkan bagi konsumen untuk membeli atau menyewa lengkap dan menonton film di rumah setiap kali mereka inginkan, bukan hanya penangkapan itu di film bioskop atau harus menunggu sampai itu siaran.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">It also made it possible for a VCR owner to <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_shifting&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhijWOuei6z6oUA-I9UOcjeWdzs2JQ" title="Time shifting">record films and other television programs</a> "off the air".</span> Hal ini juga memungkinkan bagi pemilik VCR untuk <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_shifting&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhijWOuei6z6oUA-I9UOcjeWdzs2JQ" title="Time shifting">merekam film dan program televisi lainnya</a> "dari udara"..</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Moreover, a DVD can be played on a computer.</span> Selain itu, sebuah DVD dapat diputar pada komputer.</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXS7u-VkDYnhb8TKy3UcF4WfZuPqmqB1LmQoMmO34TVNrmpFjreg7J3TM8CZpsGMHLOrNTOhO3dnQsK9B0bkOyxoF9B5iJ2bhgqcbAGNIhPsgr0nK8v1AqdPQR6ljdgVYuNMHzpRAS5oin/s1600/kks.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXS7u-VkDYnhb8TKy3UcF4WfZuPqmqB1LmQoMmO34TVNrmpFjreg7J3TM8CZpsGMHLOrNTOhO3dnQsK9B0bkOyxoF9B5iJ2bhgqcbAGNIhPsgr0nK8v1AqdPQR6ljdgVYuNMHzpRAS5oin/s1600/kks.jpeg" /></a></div><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"> </span> <br />
<span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Due to these advantages, by the mid-2000s, DVDs were the dominant form of prerecorded video movies in both the rental film and new movie markets.</span> Karena keunggulan ini, oleh-pertengahan tahun 2000-an, DVD adalah bentuk dominan dari film video rekaman baik di film sewa dan pasar film baru.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">In the late 1990s and early 2000s, though, consumers continued to use VCRs to record over-the-air TV shows, because consumers could not make home recordings onto DVD disks.</span> Pada akhir 1990-an dan awal 2000-an, meskipun, konsumen terus menggunakan VCR untuk merekam lebih dari acara TV-the-air, karena konsumen tidak bisa membuat rumah rekaman ke DVD disk.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">This last barrier to DVD domination was broken in the late 2000s, with the advent of inexpensive DVD recorders and digital video recorders (DVR).</span> Penghalang ini terakhir dominasi DVD patah di akhir tahun 2000-an, dengan munculnya perekam DVD murah dan perekam video digital (DVR).</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">DVR devices, which record shows onto a hard disk, can be purchased from electronics stores or rented from cable or satellite TV providers.</span> perangkat DVR, yang merekam acara ke hard disk, dapat dibeli dari toko elektronik atau disewa dari penyedia layanan TV kabel atau satelit.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Despite the mainstream dominance of DVD, VHS continues to have a role.</span> Meskipun dominasi mainstream DVD, VHS terus memiliki peran.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">The conversion to DVD has led to the marketplace being flooded with used VHS films, which are available at pawnshops and second-hand stores, typically for a cheaper price than the equivalent film on a used DVD.</span> Konversi ke DVD telah menyebabkan pasar dibanjiri dengan film-film VHS digunakan, yang tersedia di pegadaian dan toko kedua tangan, biasanya dengan harga lebih murah daripada film setara pada DVD yang digunakan.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">As well, due to the large number of VHS players in schools and libraries, VHS tapes are still produced for the educational market.</span> Selain itu, karena banyaknya pemain VHS di sekolah-sekolah dan perpustakaan, kaset VHS masih diproduksi untuk pasar pendidikan.</span> <br />
<h3><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><span class="editsection"></span></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Camcorders">Camcorder</span></span> </h3><div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width: 252px;"><a class="image" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DV_tape_sizes_2.jpg&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhyf5ZgVV_sh5Mi9_0RsszchHD82w"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="181" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/DV_tape_sizes_2.jpg/250px-DV_tape_sizes_2.jpg" width="250" /></a> <br />
<div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a class="internal" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DV_tape_sizes_2.jpg&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhyf5ZgVV_sh5Mi9_0RsszchHD82w" title="Memperbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" width="15" /></a> </div><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">DV cassettes</span> Kaset DV</span> <br />
<span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Left to right: DVCAM-L, DVCPRO-M, DVC/MiniDV</span> Kiri ke kanan:-L DVCAM, DVCPRO-M, DVC / MiniDV</span> </div></div></div><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Early consumer <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camcorders&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjJL1lE-qo_oSGge0WGBhd_DqF97A" title="Camcorder">camcorders</a> used full-size VHS or Betamax cassettes.</span> Awal konsumen <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camcorders&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjJL1lE-qo_oSGge0WGBhd_DqF97A" title="Camcorder">camcorder</a> digunakan ukuran penuh atau kaset VHS Betamax.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Later models switched to more compact formats, designed explicitly for camcorder use, like <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS-C&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhihumKL-5qd5nZ68MHiD2bEQyKXwg" title="VHS-C">VHS-C</a> and <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_mm_video_format&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiNHNWvG67n3XMZD9DRbsTSaeWYsQ" title="8 mm video format">Video8</a> . <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS-C&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhihumKL-5qd5nZ68MHiD2bEQyKXwg" title="VHS-C">VHS-C</a> was a downsized version of VHS, using the same recording method and the same tape, but in a smaller cassette.</span> Kemudian model beralih ke format kompak lebih, dirancang secara eksplisit untuk penggunaan camcorder, seperti <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS-C&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhihumKL-5qd5nZ68MHiD2bEQyKXwg" title="VHS-C">VHS-C</a> dan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_mm_video_format&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiNHNWvG67n3XMZD9DRbsTSaeWYsQ" title="8 mm video format">Video8</a> . <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VHS-C&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhihumKL-5qd5nZ68MHiD2bEQyKXwg" title="VHS-C">VHS-C</a> adalah versi dirampingkan dari VHS, dengan menggunakan metode perekaman yang sama dan pita yang sama, tetapi dalam sebuah kaset yang lebih kecil.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">It was possible to play VHS-C tapes in a regular VHS tape recorder by using an adaptor.</span> Hal ini memungkinkan untuk memutar kaset VHS-C tape recorder VHS biasa dengan menggunakan adaptor.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">After Super VHS had appeared, a corresponding compact version, Super VHS-C, was released as well. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_mm_video_format&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiNHNWvG67n3XMZD9DRbsTSaeWYsQ#Video8" title="8 mm video format">Video8</a> was an indirect descendant of Betamax, using narrower tape and a smaller cassette.</span> Setelah Super VHS telah muncul, sesuai versi kompak, Super VHS-C, dirilis juga. <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_mm_video_format&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiNHNWvG67n3XMZD9DRbsTSaeWYsQ#Video8" title="8 mm video format">Video8</a> adalah keturunan langsung dari Betamax, menggunakan tape sempit dan kaset yang lebih kecil.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Because of its intricate U-shaped tape loading and narrower tape, it was not possible to develop an adapter from Video8 to Betamax.</span> Karena loading pita rumit berbentuk U dan pita sempit, tidak mungkin untuk mengembangkan adaptor dari Video8 ke Betamax.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Video8 was later replaced with <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_mm_video_format&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiNHNWvG67n3XMZD9DRbsTSaeWYsQ#Hi8" title="8 mm video format">Hi8</a> , which provided better resolution and high-quality sound recording, and was similar to Super VHS-C.</span> Video8 kemudian diganti dengan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_mm_video_format&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiNHNWvG67n3XMZD9DRbsTSaeWYsQ#Hi8" title="8 mm video format">Hi8</a> , yang menyediakan resolusi yang lebih baik dan kualitas suara rekaman-tinggi, dan mirip dengan Super VHS-C.</span> <br />
<span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">The first consumer digital video recording format, introduced in 1995, used a smaller Digital Video Cassette (DVC). <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_note-17"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-17">[ 18 ]</sup></a> The format was later renamed <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MiniDV&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhXbxHtN0j_8IEqMdfHx-rSBu5ySw#MiniDV" title="MiniDV">MiniDV</a> to reflect the <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DV&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjwBRyOFtVPMSqzXmUHafPUXFGnYw" title="DV">DV</a> encoding scheme, but the tapes still carry "DVC" mark.</span> Format pertama konsumen digital merekam video, diperkenalkan pada tahun 1995, menggunakan lebih kecil Digital Video Cassette (DVC). <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_note-17"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-17">[18]</sup></a> Format kemudian berganti nama menjadi <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MiniDV&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhXbxHtN0j_8IEqMdfHx-rSBu5ySw#MiniDV" title="MiniDV">MiniDV</a> untuk mencerminkan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DV&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjwBRyOFtVPMSqzXmUHafPUXFGnYw" title="DV">DV</a> skema pengkodean, tapi kaset masih membawa "DVC" tanda.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Some later formats like <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MiniDV&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhXbxHtN0j_8IEqMdfHx-rSBu5ySw#DVCPRO" title="MiniDV">DVC Pro</a> from Panasonic reflect the original name.</span> Beberapa format kemudian seperti <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MiniDV&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhXbxHtN0j_8IEqMdfHx-rSBu5ySw#DVCPRO" title="MiniDV">DVC Pro</a> dari Panasonic mencerminkan nama asli.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">The DVC/MiniDV format provided near-broadcast quality video and sophisticated nonlinear editing capability on consumer equipment.</span> The DVC / format MiniDV yang disediakan dekat-broadcast video berkualitas dan canggih kemampuan pengeditan nonlinier pada peralatan konsumen.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">In 1999 Sony backported the DV recording scheme to 8-mm systems, creating <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital8&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhaAlprkgHwFVwBwX717JgdsM4g2w" title="Digital8">Digital8</a> .</span> Pada tahun 1999 Sony backported skema perekaman DV untuk 8-mm sistem, menciptakan <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital8&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhaAlprkgHwFVwBwX717JgdsM4g2w" title="Digital8">Digital8</a> .</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">By using the same cassettes as Hi8, many Digital8 camcorders were able to play analog Video8/Hi8 recordings, preserving compatibility with already recorded analog tapes.</span> Dengan menggunakan kaset yang sama dengan Hi8, Digital8 camcorder banyak yang dapat memainkan rekaman Video8/Hi8 analog, menjaga kompatibilitas dengan kaset analog yang sudah direkam.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">As of 2008, Digital8 camcorders have been removed from the equipment offered by Sony.</span> Pada tahun 2008, Digital8 camcorder telah dihapus dari peralatan yang ditawarkan oleh Sony.<span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"></span> Sejak tahun 2001, ketika MicroMV yang disajikan, tidak ada faktor bentuk tape baru telah diperkenalkan.</span> <br />
<h2><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="mw-headline" id="References">Referensi</span></span> </h2><div class="references-small"><ol class="references"><li id="cite_note-0"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-0"><b>^</b></a> "Tape Recording Used by Filmless 'Camera'," <i>New York Times</i> , Nov. 12, 1951, p.</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-0"><b>^</b></a> "Merekam Tape Digunakan oleh Filmless 'Kamera'," <i>New York Times,</i> 12 November 1951, hal</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">21.</span> 21.</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-1"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> Eric D. Daniel, C. Denis Mee, and Mark H. Clark (eds.), <i>Magnetic Recording: The First 100 Years</i> , IEEE Press, 1998, p.</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> Eric D. Daniel, C. Denis Mee, dan Mark H. Clark (eds.), <i>Magnetic Recording: Pertama 100 Tahun,</i> IEEE Press, 1998, hal</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">141. <a class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0070412758&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiBvFgXxY81CZTaNAgSnc5PfyAucQ">ISBN 0-070-41275-8</a></span> 141. <a class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0070412758&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiBvFgXxY81CZTaNAgSnc5PfyAucQ">ISBN 0-070-41275-8</a></span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-2"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> "Tape-Recorded TV Nears Perfection," <i>New York Times</i> , Dec. 31, 1952, p.</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> "-Rekaman TV Tape mendekati Kesempurnaan," <i>New York Times,</i> 31 Desember 1952, hal</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">10.</span> 10.</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-3"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> "New Deal on TV Seen at Parley," <i>New York Times</i> , May 1, 1953, p.</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> "New Deal di TV Dilihat di Parley," <i>New York Times,</i> 1 Mei 1953, hal</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">30.</span> 30.</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-4"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> Daniel et al., p.</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> Daniel et al., hal</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">148.</span> 148.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">BCE was acquired by <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiR1XNekPbXnus4yLitxBbMyx4AoA" title="3M">3M</a> Company in 1956.</span> SM diakuisisi oleh <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3M&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiR1XNekPbXnus4yLitxBbMyx4AoA" title="3M">3M</a> Perusahaan pada tahun 1956.</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-5"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> "Magnetic Tape Used By RCA to Photograph Television Program," <i>The Wall Street Journal</i> , Dec. 2, 1953, p.</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> "Magnetic Tape Digunakan Dengan RCA untuk Program Televisi Photograph," <i>The Wall Street Journal,</i> 2, Desember 1953, hal</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">1.</span> 1.</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-6"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> " <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://books.google.com/books%3Fid%3DNd8DAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA157&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhAjN_4lRo_YHrKVjqqMPfkbKYpEA" rel="nofollow">Color TV on Tape</a> ", <i>Popular Mechanics</i> , April 1954, p.</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> " <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://books.google.com/books%3Fid%3DNd8DAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA157&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhAjN_4lRo_YHrKVjqqMPfkbKYpEA" rel="nofollow">Color TV pada Tape</a> ", <i>Mekanika Panas,</i> April 1954, hal</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">157.</span> 157.</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-7"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> Stewart Wolpin, <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/it/1994/2/1994_2_52.shtml&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjfVMPwu3xe5iAQ5xIWLYLLvBTAKA" rel="nofollow">"The Race to Video"</a> , <i>Invention & Technology</i> , Fall 1994.</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> Stewart Wolpin, <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.americanheritage.com/articles/magazine/it/1994/2/1994_2_52.shtml&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjfVMPwu3xe5iAQ5xIWLYLLvBTAKA" rel="nofollow">"The Race ke Video"</a> , <i>Penemuan & Teknologi,</i> Fall 1994.</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-8"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> " <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://books.google.com/books%3Fid%3DvyoDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA238&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhj_ix-gj5QSe93AEtIMqIVpPga92Q" rel="nofollow">TV Goes to Tape</a> ", <i>Popular Science</i> , Feb. 1960, p.</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> " <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://books.google.com/books%3Fid%3DvyoDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA238&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhj_ix-gj5QSe93AEtIMqIVpPga92Q" rel="nofollow">TV Goes to Tape</a> ", <i>Ilmu Populer,</i> Feb 1960, hal</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">238.</span> 238.</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-9"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> Ed Reitan, <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://novia.net/%7Eereitan/rca-nbc_firsts.html&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhy025leMce7mySXlDpJBYkmzMAWQ" rel="nofollow">RCA-NBC Firsts in Color Television (commented)</a> .</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> Ed Reitan, <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://novia.net/%7Eereitan/rca-nbc_firsts.html&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhy025leMce7mySXlDpJBYkmzMAWQ" rel="nofollow">RCA-NBC pengalaman pertama di Color Television (komentar)</a> .</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-nasginsburg-10"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">^ <sup><i><b><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-nasginsburg_10-0">a</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-nasginsburg_10-1">b</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-nasginsburg_10-2">c</a></b></i></sup> " <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php%3Frecord_id%3D4779%26page%3D84&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiFhdQSTzYTOigTArqN7bAk58m4GQ" rel="nofollow">Charles P. Ginsburg</a> ". <i>Memorial Tributes: National Academy of Engineering</i> , Vol.</span> ^ <sup><i><b><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-nasginsburg_10-0">a</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-nasginsburg_10-1">b</a> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-nasginsburg_10-2">c</a></b></i></sup> " <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php%3Frecord_id%3D4779%26page%3D84&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiFhdQSTzYTOigTArqN7bAk58m4GQ" rel="nofollow">Charles P. Ginsburg</a> <i>": Memorial. upeti National Academy of Engineering,</i> Vol.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">7.</span> 7.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">1994: The National Academies Press, Washington DC.</span> 1994: The National Academies Press, Washington DC.</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-11"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> Ampex Corporation, <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.ampex.com/03corp/03corp.html&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhg2-CxyoZ34kA-40L-Vp5NKQv4qcw" rel="nofollow">Ampex Chronology</a> .</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> Ampex Corporation, <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.ampex.com/03corp/03corp.html&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhg2-CxyoZ34kA-40L-Vp5NKQv4qcw" rel="nofollow">Kronologis Ampex</a> .</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-12"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> "Daily NBC Show Will Be on Tape", <i>New York Times</i> , Jan. 18, 1957, p.</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> "Tampilkan NBC Daily Akan di Tape", <i>New York Times,</i> 18 Januari 1957, hal</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">31.</span> 31.</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-13"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> " <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://books.google.com/books%3Fid%3DICkEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA3&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhbOoaase_2-BjslfUmLx4O7u9nTQ" rel="nofollow">Industry Agrees to Standardize Tape Recording on Ampex Lines</a> ", <i>Billboard</i> , Oct. 28, 1957, p.</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> " <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://books.google.com/books%3Fid%3DICkEAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA3&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhbOoaase_2-BjslfUmLx4O7u9nTQ" rel="nofollow">Industri Sepakat untuk membakukan Recording Tape tentang Garis Ampex</a> ", <i>Billboard,</i> 28 Oktober 1957, hal</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">3.</span> 3.</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-14"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-14"><b>^</b></a> Some early broadcast videotapes have survived, including <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Edsel_Show&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjTOHwxQXTcwe7NORCQTxN8XJDVIw" title="Tampilkan Edsel"><i>The Edsel Show</i></a> , broadcast live in 1957, and 1958's <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Evening_With_Fred_Astaire&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjfdje2BkcKcHOhO8eG_CT2tHcEPg" title="An Evening Dengan Fred Astaire"><i>An Evening With Fred Astaire</i></a> , the oldest color videotape of an entertainment program known to exist (the oldest color videotape is the May 1958 dedication of the <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WRC-TV&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhAYNWH15ZxcKWw3OGBDa4uemxb1Q" title="WRC-TV">WRC-TV</a> studios in <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_DC&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgTyH1GHXmz8jimtK3t-ekAL2JrYQ" title="Washington, DC">Washington, DC</a> ).</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-14"><b>^</b></a> Beberapa rekaman video siaran awal telah selamat, termasuk <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Edsel_Show&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjTOHwxQXTcwe7NORCQTxN8XJDVIw" title="Tampilkan Edsel"><i>The Show Edsel</i></a> , disiarkan langsung pada tahun 1957, dan 1958's <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Evening_With_Fred_Astaire&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjfdje2BkcKcHOhO8eG_CT2tHcEPg" title="An Evening Dengan Fred Astaire"><i>An Evening Dengan Fred Astaire</i></a> , rekaman video warna tertua dari program hiburan diketahui ada (rekaman video warna tertua adalah Mei 1958 dedikasi <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WRC-TV&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhAYNWH15ZxcKWw3OGBDa4uemxb1Q" title="WRC-TV">WRC -TV</a> studio di <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_DC&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgTyH1GHXmz8jimtK3t-ekAL2JrYQ" title="Washington, DC">Washington, DC</a> ).</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">In 1976, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjZrEefx6ZFzviYYCSM5h9AonTK6w" title="NBC">NBC</a> 's 50th anniversary special included an excerpt from a 1957 color special starring <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_O%27Connor&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjPqTTmqK3zoYGQX2vGIwIt-FLDHA" title="Donald O'Connor">Donald O'Connor</a> ; despite some obvious technical problems, the color tape was remarkably good.</span> Pada tahun 1976, <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NBC&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjZrEefx6ZFzviYYCSM5h9AonTK6w" title="NBC">NBC</a> 's khusus ulang tahun ke-50 termasuk sebuah kutipan dari warna 1957 khusus dibintangi <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_O%27Connor&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjPqTTmqK3zoYGQX2vGIwIt-FLDHA" title="Donald O'Connor">Donald O'Connor</a> ; meskipun beberapa masalah teknis yang jelas, pita warna sangat baik.</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-bfi-15"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-bfi_15-0"><b>^</b></a> Elen, Richard G. " <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/tv/technology/technology10.html&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhi1WjHxoyLlcJbvIcfrR2SNENiysg" rel="nofollow">TV Technology</a> ".</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-bfi_15-0"><b>^</b></a> Elen, Richard G. " <a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.screenonline.org.uk/tv/technology/technology10.html&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhi1WjHxoyLlcJbvIcfrR2SNENiysg" rel="nofollow">Teknologi TV</a> ".</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">BFI Screenonline.</span> BFI Screenonline.</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-16"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-16"><b>^</b></a> <a class="external free" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.rewindmuseum.com/philips.htm&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhg28Oxd3RAQOSxroma9gTDWgmVMag" rel="nofollow">http://www.rewindmuseum.com/philips.htm</a></span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-16"><b>^</b></a> <a class="external free" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.rewindmuseum.com/philips.htm&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhg28Oxd3RAQOSxroma9gTDWgmVMag" rel="nofollow">http://www.rewindmuseum.com/philips.htm</a></span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-17"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-17"><b>^</b></a> <span class="citation web"><a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.videomaker.com/article/2381/&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgRRjQWcr8U_aveNGbB29bnLVzJhA" rel="nofollow">"DVC Product Probe"</a> <span class="printonly">. <a class="external free" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.videomaker.com/article/2381/&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgRRjQWcr8U_aveNGbB29bnLVzJhA" rel="nofollow">http://www.videomaker.com/article/2381/</a></span> .</span></span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Videotape&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiX6S_AxkCzeRCwvZJw2rHczf1oRw#cite_ref-17"><b>^</b></a> <span class="citation web"><a class="external text" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.videomaker.com/article/2381/&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgRRjQWcr8U_aveNGbB29bnLVzJhA" rel="nofollow">"DVC Produk Probe"</a> <span class="printonly">. <a class="external free" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.videomaker.com/article/2381/&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgRRjQWcr8U_aveNGbB29bnLVzJhA" rel="nofollow">http://www.videomaker.com/article/2381/</a></span> .</span></span></li>
</ol></div>Audio video stembahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06631618494957404172noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1904626706240055719.post-86483096832777151242010-12-21T06:04:00.000-08:002010-12-21T06:04:31.358-08:00PEREKAMAN MAGNETIK<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEholgw_993pQtWqPrjLd24ImFzu52dobgRVJO0mtRUFulUshOYQDXcrFLpTpysB_Klyg4SsWgfA3biNiNi0B7vzBbM2kbyybuZ8JSjRRT_M_WYtm0815Vfbs-zPgmUa2ZJdNv3CKH5ojItv/s1600/pr2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br />
</a></div><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Magnetic storage in the form of audio recording on a wire was publicized by <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/oberlin-smith&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjr-9LDfan4931TkxgSPmG_oAzafA" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">Oberlin Smith</a> in 1888.</span> penyimpanan magnetik dalam bentuk rekaman audio pada sebuah kawat dipublikasikan oleh <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/oberlin-smith&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjr-9LDfan4931TkxgSPmG_oAzafA" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">Oberlin Smith</a> pada tahun 1888.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">He filed a patent in September, 1878 but did not pursue the idea as his business was machine tools.</span> Ia mengajukan paten pada bulan September, 1878 tetapi tidak mengejar ide sebagai bisnisnya adalah peralatan mesin.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">The first publicly demonstrated (Paris Exposition of 1900) magnetic recorder was invented by <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/valdemar-poulsen&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiHhaCZo7HsfRnh8SNf9FZN4ZOl8w" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">Valdemar Poulsen</a> in 1898.</span> Tersebut menunjukkan publik pertama (Paris Exposition of 1900) perekam magnetik diciptakan oleh <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/valdemar-poulsen&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiHhaCZo7HsfRnh8SNf9FZN4ZOl8w" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">Valdemar Poulsen</a> pada tahun 1898.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Poulsen's device recorded a <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/signal-circuit-theory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhNMOeBMSNJWGdNsi3AMtY_9qdF9A" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">signal</a> on a wire wrapped around a drum.</span> Teman-perangkat Poulsen mencatat <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/signal-circuit-theory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhNMOeBMSNJWGdNsi3AMtY_9qdF9A" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">sinyal</a> pada kawat melilit drum.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">In 1928, <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/fritz-pfleumer&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiiumxjxjCkg8dpzEKyGGrIR9t_uQ" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">Fritz Pfleumer</a> developed the first magnetic <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/tape-recorder&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhM1wgFMEg0IA6EaZban8SxD7Km2A" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">tape recorder</a> .</span> Pada tahun 1928, <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/fritz-pfleumer&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiiumxjxjCkg8dpzEKyGGrIR9t_uQ" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">Fritz Pfleumer</a> mengembangkan pertama magnetik <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/tape-recorder&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhM1wgFMEg0IA6EaZban8SxD7Km2A" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">tape recorder</a> .</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Early magnetic storage devices were designed to record <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/analog-signal&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhfqAouxL3Y3kQeoFLf36s-tJYaMw" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">analog</a> audio signals.</span> perangkat penyimpanan magnetik awal dirancang untuk merekam <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/analog-signal&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhfqAouxL3Y3kQeoFLf36s-tJYaMw" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">analog</a> sinyal audio.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Computer and now most audio and video magnetic storage devices record <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/digital-1&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjbXyHxACWqziXp7_9gz8ju2T4ckw" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">digital</a> data.</span> Komputer dan sekarang paling audio dan video perangkat penyimpan yang bersifat magnetis catatan <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/digital-1&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjbXyHxACWqziXp7_9gz8ju2T4ckw" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">digital</a> data.</span> <br />
<span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">In old computers, magnetic storage was also used for <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/computer-data-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhh_tRPE8cmsxEISUHWzTbEKwVB4bg" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">primary storage</a> in a form of <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/drum-memory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhi7QI1t7lbr9vbuBNkWn_a5C6Tuug" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">magnetic drum</a> , or <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-core-memory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgOdWILLLIraR-SQ7ca78M5-VHoqg" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">core memory</a> , <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/core-rope-memory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjOOPe1yOgjAgqcb3XIy6LZR0VWHg" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">core rope memory</a> , <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/thin-film-memory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhipvnnnjwEWb_p1-RIbVIIL2XxjCA" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">thin film memory</a> , <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/twistor-memory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhioO7tvNeRVX724ojEwbZkOdMBANQ" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">twistor memory</a> or <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/bubble-memory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjVN_mFELMZpHh7rX0jFMwevkmqqg" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">bubble memory</a> .</span> Pada komputer tua, penyimpanan magnetik juga digunakan untuk <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/computer-data-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhh_tRPE8cmsxEISUHWzTbEKwVB4bg" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">penyimpanan utama</a> dalam bentuk <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/drum-memory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhi7QI1t7lbr9vbuBNkWn_a5C6Tuug" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">magnetik drum</a> , atau <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-core-memory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgOdWILLLIraR-SQ7ca78M5-VHoqg" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">memori inti</a> , <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/core-rope-memory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjOOPe1yOgjAgqcb3XIy6LZR0VWHg" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">memori inti tali</a> , <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/thin-film-memory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhipvnnnjwEWb_p1-RIbVIIL2XxjCA" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">memori film tipis</a> , <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/twistor-memory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhioO7tvNeRVX724ojEwbZkOdMBANQ" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">twistor memori</a> atau <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/bubble-memory&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjVN_mFELMZpHh7rX0jFMwevkmqqg" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">memori gelembung</a> .</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Unlike modern computers, magnetic tape was also often used for secondary storage.</span> Tidak seperti komputer modern, magnetic tape juga sering digunakan untuk penyimpanan sekunder.</span> <br />
<h2><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Magnetic_recording_classes">Magnetic recording classes</span></span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Magnetic_recording_classes">Magnetic merekam kelas</span></span> </h2><h3><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Analog_recording">Analog recording</span></span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Analog_recording">Rekaman analog</span></span></h3><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCNNABUhSuZGUxsK5hSzljlc2TR-zBMAbyISfxxjkGyF-jhB7bMjxAe_5JNUnbxtU4k28_xfJ9Auks4Pb-Vcw3jHY4Xw7gume4QZhoueDkGUPttUz-A5DBgPMYu33dQODCDzU1rOUWmq8z/s1600/pr.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCNNABUhSuZGUxsK5hSzljlc2TR-zBMAbyISfxxjkGyF-jhB7bMjxAe_5JNUnbxtU4k28_xfJ9Auks4Pb-Vcw3jHY4Xw7gume4QZhoueDkGUPttUz-A5DBgPMYu33dQODCDzU1rOUWmq8z/s1600/pr.jpeg" /></a></div><div class="rellink relarticle mainarticle"><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Main article: <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-tape-sound-recording&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhj17MwtsjrBnWoAzzTLrb_9FXP8pw" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">Magnetic tape sound recording</a></span> Artikel utama: <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-tape-sound-recording&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhj17MwtsjrBnWoAzzTLrb_9FXP8pw" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">perekaman suara magnetik tape</a></span> </div><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Analog recording is based on the fact that remnant magnetization of a given material depends on the magnitude of the applied field.</span> Analog perekaman didasarkan pada kenyataan bahwa magnetisasi sisa-sisa bahan tertentu tergantung pada besarnya medan listrik.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">The magnetic material is normally in the form of tape, with the tape in its blank form being initially demagnetized.</span> Bahan magnetik biasanya dalam bentuk tape, dengan tape dalam bentuk kosong yang menjadi awalnya mengalami kerusakan magnetik.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">When recording, the tape runs at a constant speed.</span> Saat merekam, tape berjalan pada kecepatan konstan.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">The writing head magnetizes the tape with current proportional to the signal.</span> Kepala menulis magnetizes pita dengan proporsional saat ini untuk sinyal.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">A magnetization distribution is achieved along the magnetic tape.</span> Sebuah distribusi magnetisasi tercapai sepanjang pita magnetik.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Finally, the distribution of the magnetization can be read out, reproducing the original signal.</span> Akhirnya, distribusi magnetisasi dapat membaca, mereproduksi sinyal asli.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">The magnetic tape is typically made by embedding magnetic particles in a plastic binder on polyester film tape.</span> Pita magnetik biasanya dibuat dengan melekatkan magnet partikel dalam binder plastik di tape polyester film.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">The commonly used magnetic particles are Iron oxide particles or Chromium oxide and metal particles with size of 0.5 micrometers <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjjrRHiWvvZM79I-PbpX19TMi3bJQ#cite_note-0"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-0">[ 1 ]</sup></a> .</span> Partikel magnetik yang umum digunakan adalah partikel oksida besi atau oksida kromium dan partikel logam dengan ukuran 0,5 mikrometer <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjjrRHiWvvZM79I-PbpX19TMi3bJQ#cite_note-0"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-0">[1]</sup></a> .</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Analog recording was very popular in audio and video recording.</span> Analog rekaman sangat populer di rekaman audio dan video.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">In the past 20 years, however, tape recording has been gradually replaced by digital recording <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjjrRHiWvvZM79I-PbpX19TMi3bJQ#cite_note-1"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1">[ 2 ]</sup></a> .</span> Dalam 20 tahun terakhir, bagaimanapun, rekaman telah secara bertahap diganti dengan perekaman digital <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjjrRHiWvvZM79I-PbpX19TMi3bJQ#cite_note-1"><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-1">[2]</sup></a> .</span> <br />
<h3><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Digital_recording">Digital recording</span></span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Digital_recording">Perekaman digital</span></span></h3><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEholgw_993pQtWqPrjLd24ImFzu52dobgRVJO0mtRUFulUshOYQDXcrFLpTpysB_Klyg4SsWgfA3biNiNi0B7vzBbM2kbyybuZ8JSjRRT_M_WYtm0815Vfbs-zPgmUa2ZJdNv3CKH5ojItv/s1600/pr2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEholgw_993pQtWqPrjLd24ImFzu52dobgRVJO0mtRUFulUshOYQDXcrFLpTpysB_Klyg4SsWgfA3biNiNi0B7vzBbM2kbyybuZ8JSjRRT_M_WYtm0815Vfbs-zPgmUa2ZJdNv3CKH5ojItv/s1600/pr2.jpg" /></a><br />
<h3><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="mw-headline" id="Digital_recording"> </span></span></h3><br />
<span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Instead of creating a magnetization distribution in analog recording, digital recording only need two stable magnetic states, which are the +Ms and -Ms on the <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/hysteresis&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgiqkPul1qdfXjgM5FCGoOzxgjsyA" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">hysteresis loop</a> .</span> Alih-alih menciptakan distribusi magnetisasi dalam rekaman analog, perekaman digital hanya perlu dua negara magnetik yang stabil, yang merupakan + Ms dan-Ibu pada <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/hysteresis&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgiqkPul1qdfXjgM5FCGoOzxgjsyA" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">loop histeresis</a> .</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Examples of digital recording are floppy disks and HDDs.</span> Contoh rekaman digital disket dan HDD.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Since digital recording is the main process nowadays and probably in the coming future, the details of magnetic recording will be discussed in the rest of the project using the HDD as an example.</span> Karena perekaman digital adalah proses utama saat ini dan mungkin di masa depan akan datang, rincian perekaman magnetik akan dibahas dalam sisa proyek menggunakan HDD sebagai contoh.</span> <br />
<br />
<h3><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><span class="mw-headline" id="Magneto-optical_recording">Magneto-optical recording</span></span> <span class="mw-headline" id="Magneto-optical_recording">Magneto-optik rekaman</span></span> </h3><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Magneto-optical recording writes/reads optically.</span> rekaman Magneto-optical menulis / membaca optik.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">When writing, the magnetic medium is heated locally by a <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/laser-applications&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhQoFfT13fgHTINYmSuIm2nTipEwA" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">laser</a> , which induces a rapid decrease of coercive field.</span> Saat menulis, media magnetik dipanaskan secara lokal oleh <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/laser-applications&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhQoFfT13fgHTINYmSuIm2nTipEwA" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">laser</a> , yang menginduksi penurunan medan koersif cepat.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Then, a small magnetic field can be used to switch the magnetization.</span> Kemudian, medan magnet kecil dapat digunakan untuk beralih magnetisasi.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">The reading process is based on magneto-optical <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/kerr-effect&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgusE_zb84oX5pIPPa5tQkGsSm2Rw" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">Kerr effect</a> .</span> Proses membaca adalah berdasarkan magneto-optik <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/kerr-effect&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgusE_zb84oX5pIPPa5tQkGsSm2Rw" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">efek Kerr</a> .</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">The magnetic medium are typically amorphous R-FeCo thin film (R being a rare earth element).</span> Media magnetik biasanya amorf R-FeCo film tipis (R menjadi unsur tanah jarang).</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">Magneto-optical recording is not very popular.</span> rekaman Magneto-optik sangat tidak populer.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">One famous example is <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/minidisc&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgYLo1vLr3p8wSFVjxGO_Gv63XaAg" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">Minidisc</a> developed by <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/sony&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiXSW5J1I_ikOP7q-BxsEC-Syh-jQ" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">Sony</a> .</span> Salah satu contoh terkenal adalah <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/minidisc&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhgYLo1vLr3p8wSFVjxGO_Gv63XaAg" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">Minidisc</a> dikembangkan oleh <a class="ilnk" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/sony&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhiXSW5J1I_ikOP7q-BxsEC-Syh-jQ" onclick="assignParam('navinfo','method|4'+getLinkTextForCookie(this));" target="_top">Sony</a> .</span> <br />
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<img alt="" src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/CLIENT%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/moz-screenshot.jpg" /><br />
<h2><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="mw-headline" id="References">Referensi</span></span> </h2><div class="references-small"><ol class="references"><li id="cite_note-0"><span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjjrRHiWvvZM79I-PbpX19TMi3bJQ#cite_ref-0"><b>^</b></a> <a class="external free" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/audio/tape2.html&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhy8uJaecOEUdJYFCZLVpZzctYPdw" rel="nofollow" target="AnswersQueryWindow">http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/audio/tape2.html</a></span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjjrRHiWvvZM79I-PbpX19TMi3bJQ#cite_ref-0"><b>^</b></a> <a class="external free" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/audio/tape2.html&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhy8uJaecOEUdJYFCZLVpZzctYPdw" rel="nofollow" target="AnswersQueryWindow">http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/audio/tape2.html</a></span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-1"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjjrRHiWvvZM79I-PbpX19TMi3bJQ#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> E.</span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjjrRHiWvvZM79I-PbpX19TMi3bJQ#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> E.</span> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;">du Trémolete de Lacheisserie, D. Gignoux, and M. Schlenker (editors), Magnetism: Fundamentals, Springer, 2005</span> du Trémolete de Lacheisserie, D. Gignoux, dan M. Schlenker (editor), Magnetism: Fundamentals, Springer, 2005</span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-2"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjjrRHiWvvZM79I-PbpX19TMi3bJQ#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <a class="external free" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.everspin.com/technology.html&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjRvuphTJrWyllzT1ih6V1Fbs21GA" rel="nofollow" target="AnswersQueryWindow">http://www.everspin.com/technology.html</a></span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjjrRHiWvvZM79I-PbpX19TMi3bJQ#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <a class="external free" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.everspin.com/technology.html&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjRvuphTJrWyllzT1ih6V1Fbs21GA" rel="nofollow" target="AnswersQueryWindow">http://www.everspin.com/technology.html</a></span> </li>
<li id="cite_note-3"> <span onmouseout="_tipoff()" onmouseover="_tipon(this)"><span class="google-src-text" style="direction: ltr; text-align: left;"><a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjjrRHiWvvZM79I-PbpX19TMi3bJQ#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> The Emergence of Practical MRAM <a class="external free" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.crocus-technology.com/pdf/BH%2520GSA%2520Article.pdf&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhAMjEItEpVWcSzkzEh79oZlraYHg" rel="nofollow" target="AnswersQueryWindow">http://www.crocus-technology.com/pdf/BH%20GSA%20Article.pdf</a></span> <a href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.answers.com/topic/magnetic-storage&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhjjrRHiWvvZM79I-PbpX19TMi3bJQ#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> Munculnya Praktis MRAM <a class="external free" href="http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?hl=id&langpair=en%7Cid&u=http://www.crocus-technology.com/pdf/BH%2520GSA%2520Article.pdf&rurl=translate.google.co.id&twu=1&usg=ALkJrhhAMjEItEpVWcSzkzEh79oZlraYHg" rel="nofollow" target="AnswersQueryWindow">% http://www.crocus-technology.com/pdf/BH 20GSA% 20Article.pdf</a></span> </li>
</ol></div>Audio video stembahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06631618494957404172noreply@blogger.com0